CLONING : Brief description, History of cloning!!

How much of your stuff you’ve to do your own !!

Imagine how much easier life would be if you’ve an exact copy of yourself to do the things what you don’t want to do.. There are so many scientists who believe that CLONING  would drastically help humans in population and in creating a better world. But there’s a lot of disadvantages as well.

If I ask you, which is the most famous sheep in the world?

..what would you say then, a sheep called DOLLY.

Why is DOLLY so famous?

Bcoz DOLLY was not born in the usual way as other sheep do. She doesn't have a father as clones don't need any father.

She’ s the carbon copy of her mother, ( like an identical twin ), who was 6 years older to her.

History of cloning

The ability to create a clone, used to be a science fiction,

• But scientists have proved it wrong and kept on experimenting
• Spans more than 100  years
• In 1600s, there was plant cloning where plant cutting simply be used to generate clones 
• First ARTIFICIAL ANIMAL CLONING began in 1885
• HANS ADOLF EDUARD DRIESCH performed first technical cloning with SEA URCHINS 
  
• HANS SPEMANN performed first vertebrate cloning with SALAMANDERS in 1902 (unsuccessful so far) and again performed the experiment in 1928, this time successfully 
  
•  ROBERT BRIGGS & THOMAS KING carried a more successful NUCLEAR TRANSFER TECHNIQUE                                                                                         This is  process in which the nucleus of a somatic cell ( cell other than reproductive cell) is transferred to an enucleated egg cell

  

  NUCLEAR TRANSFER TECHNIQUE FOR CLONING

• The success of NUCLEAR TRANSFER, also made the scientists to carry the technique for mammals as well
• AT ROSLIN INSTITUTE, WILMUT AND CAMPBELL grow sheep udder cells under starvation conditions
• Used electric shock for the fusion of nucleus of starved udder cell and enucleated egg cell
• Out of 277 attempts, JULY 5, 1996 ,DOLLY was the only successful SHEEP CLONE
  
• DOLLY  has the same genetic material as of udder cells so, was the clone to the udder cells she came from
• DOLLY died at the age of SIX due to some lung disease
• Cloning of DOLLY  brought cloning into the public eye and expanded to a list of no. of cloned mammals
• In 2013, SOUKHRAT MITALIPOV & his colleagues successfully created a human embryo using somatic nuclear transfer
  

Lot of controversies over HUMAN CLONING & STEM CELL RESEARCH are going on, many had falsely claimed but no stronger evidence were present.
Cloning has surely opened new doors to medical advancements but also it accompanies several  ethical and social dilemmas.Coming to an agreement on this hot subject is not easy, but understanding it deeply can lead to some clarity. Taking a look at it from both sides and comparing its pros and cons can give us a different perspective!! 

But would it really help society

 Or

 is it ethically questionable??